Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery

Effects of Ceratonia siliqua L. Extract-Loaded Nanoliposomes on a Rat Model of Excisional Wound Healing

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Mehran Mohammadpour 1
Rahim Mohammadi 1
Ghader Jalilzadeh-Amin 2
Seyede Soraya Mahmoudi 3
Mohammad Shahraki 4
1 Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
2 Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia University , Urmia , Iran.
3 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Pathology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
4 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
10.30500/ivsa.2025.547784.1464
Abstract
Wound healing consists of inflammatory, proliferation, and remodeling phases. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of Ceratonia siliqua L. extract-loaded liposomes on wound healing. Ceratonia siliqua L. commonly called carob, is an evergreen tree that belongs to the Leguminosae family widely cultivated in Mediterranean countries. Twenty-five healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups of five animals each: SHAM group with only wound creation. EUCRN group: As a control group with wound creation as well as 5 g eucerin administered topically to the wound bed. NLPSM group: As a group with wound creation, as well as 5 ml nanoliposome (20 mg). EUCRN/NLPSM group: As a group with wound creation as well as 5 g eucerin containing 5 ml nanoliposome (20 mg). TRTMNT group: As a group with wound creation as well as 5 ml eucerin (5 g) containing nanoliposome (20 mg) loaded with hydroalcoholic extract of Ceratonia siliqua L. The excisional wound model (8 mm in diameter) was used for biochemical (total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, Malondialdehyde levels, and glutathione peroxidase activity), histopathologic, and planimetric assessments. The wound area was significantly reduced in the TREATMENT group compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Biochemical and quantitative histopathological analyses revealed a significant difference between TREATMENT and other groups (p < 0.05). Ceratonia siliqua L. extract-loaded nanoliposomes showed the potential to improve wound healing significantly. This appeared to work by angiogenesis stimulation, fibroblast proliferation, inflammation reduction, and granulation tissue formation during the initial stages of the healing process. This accelerated healing led to earlier wound area reduction of the damaged area due to the reorganization of granulation tissue and collagen fibers. Topical administration of Ceratonia siliqua L. extract-loaded nanoliposomes could be recommended for wound healing due to reducing wound healing acceleration.
Keywords
Ceratonia siliqua L.
Extract
Nanoliposomes
Wound healing
Rat
Subjects
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Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof
Available Online from 28 December 2025

  • Receive Date 17 September 2025
  • Revise Date 15 December 2025
  • Accept Date 28 December 2025
  • First Publish Date 28 December 2025