Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery

Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Burdizzo Castration, in situ Spermatic Cord Ligation, and Orchidectomy on the Serum Biochemical Profiles of Red Sokoto Bucks

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Terfa Ornande Nev 1
Samuel Tanko Fadason 2
Ebenezer Olaoluwa Abidoye 2
Kwem Bakau Kadima 3
Aboh Iku Kisani 4
Ochuko Orakpoghenor 5
Ashever Jocelyn Terfa 6
1 Department of Veterinary Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
3 Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
4 Department of Veterinary Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi Benue state, Nigeria.
5 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
6 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi Benue state, Nigeria.
10.30500/ivsa.2024.413838.1366
Abstract
Since bucks are raised mainly for meat, there is a need for castration to optimize meat production. In this study, we conducted a comparative evaluation of the serum biochemical profiles of red Sokoto bucks following Burdizzo castration, in situ spermatic cord ligation, and orchidectomy. Sixteen red Sokoto bucks aged 6 months to 1 year old and 11-12 kg body weight were used for this study. The bucks were randomly divided into 4 groups of 4 bucks each as follows; group A (Burdizzo), B (in situ spermatic cord ligation), C (orchidectomy), and D (control). Blood was collected pre-castration, and at immediate, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 48, and 72 hours post-castration (HPC) into labeled tubes without anticoagulant, serum was harvested and used for serum biochemical analyses. The outcomes showed non-significant changes in total protein, sodium, chloride, calcium, and potassium levels in all groups of bucks. Glucose levels were significantly increased at immediate PC in groups A, B, and C, followed by a decline from 4 HPC to normal values by 16 HPC (group B) and 20 HPC (group A). The serum creatinine levels increased significantly at immediate PC, peaked at 20 HPC, and declined from 24 HPC. The blood urea nitrogen level increased significantly from immediate PC up to 72 HPC. The activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and malondialdehyde levels increased significantly from 4 HPC, peaked at 16 to 20 HPC, and decreased from 24 to 72 HPC. There were less severe serum biochemical changes by Burdizzo castration and in situ spermatic cord ligation compared to orchidectomy in the red Sokoto bucks.
Keywords
Burdizzo castration
In situ spermatic cord ligation
Orchidectomy
Serum biochemistry
Red Sokoto bucks

Subjects

  1. Dossa LH, Sangaré M, Buerkert A, Schlecht E. Production objectives and breeding practices of urban goat and sheep keepers in West Africa: regional analysis and implications for the development of supportive breeding programs. Springer Plus. 2015; 4: 281. doi: 10.1186/s40064-015-1075-7
  2. Mtshali TF, Mapholi ON, Ncube KT, Dzomba EF, Matelele TC, Chokoe TC, Mphahlele TD, Muchadeyi FC, Hadebe K. Goat farmers’ production objectives and trait preferences in the North West province of South Africa: an approach to identify selection criteria for community-based breeding programs. International Journal of Livestock Production. 2021; 12(2): 64-75. doi: 10.5897/IJLP2020.0743
  3. Needham T, Lambrechts H, Hoffman LC. Castration of male livestock and the potential of immunocastration to improve animal welfare and production traits: invited review. South African Journal of Animal Science. 2017; 47(6): 731-742. doi: 10.4314/sajas.v47i6.1
  4. Chen YA, Chen JY, Chen WQ, Wang WY, Wu HH. Effects of castration age on the growth performance of Nubian crossbred male goats. Animals. 2022; 12(24): 3516 doi: 10.3390/ani12243516
  5. Zamiri MJ, Eilami B, Kianzad MR. Effects of castration and fattening period on growth performance and carcass characteristics in Iranian goats. Small Ruminant Research, 2012; 104: 55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.11.008
  6. Zeng FM, Ding Y, Wassie T, Jing HJ, Ahmed S, Liu GQ, Jiang XP. Recent advances in immunocastration in sheep and goat and its animal welfare benefits: a review. Journal of Integrated Agriculture. 2022; 21: 299-309.
  7. Hempstead MN, Lindquist TM, Shearer JK, Plummer PJ. Health and welfare survey of 30 dairy goat farms in the Midwestern United States. Animals. 2021; 11: 2007. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63670-5
  8. Olaifa AK, Opara MN. Haematological and biochemical parameters of West African Dwarf bucks castrated by the Burdizzo method. Veterinarski Arhiv. 2011; 81: 743-750.
  9. Olaifa AK. Comparison in haematological and biochemical changes in normal, acute and chronically castrated West African Dwarf goats. International Journal of Research and Medical Science. 2018; 6(5): 1623-1627. doi: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20181748
  10. Ponvijay KS. Pinhole castration: a novel minimally invasive technique for in situ spermatic cord ligation. Veterinary Surgery. 2007; 36(1): 74-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00238.x
  11. Malbrue RA, Zorilla CBA. Scrotal ablation and orchiectomy in the domestic laboratory goat (Capra hircus). Veterinary and Animal Science. 2018; 5: 26-30. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2018.02.002
  12. Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase. An adaptation to a paramagnetic gas. Journal of Biology and Chemistry. 1989; 264: 7761-7764. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)83102-7
  13. Abebi H. Catalase. Methods in enzymatic analysis. Vol 2, New York Academic Press 1974; 674-684.
  14. Rajagopalan R, Kode A, Penumatha SV, Kallikat NR, Venugopal PM. Comparative of curcumin and an analog of curcumin on alcohol and PUFA induced oxidative stress. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2004; 83: 2747-2752.
  15. Okhawa H, Ohisi N, Yagi K. Assay of lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry. 1979; 95: 351-358. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(79)90738-3
  16. Atawodi SE, Adekunle OO, Bala I. Antioxidant, organ protective and ameliorative properties of methanol extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus stem bark against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury. International Journal of Pharmacological Sciences and Research. 2011; 2(6): 1443-1448.
  17. Oyeyemi MO, Olaifa AK, Onwuka AK, Akinloye OA, Utho OA. The effects of bilateral orchidectomy on some serum enzymes and proteins in the West African Dwarf buck. African Journal of Biomedical Research. 2000; 3: 105-108.
  18. Kisani AI, Tughgba T, Elsa AT. Effects of various surgical procedures on biochemical parameters of Nigerian dogs and their clinical implications. Veterinary World. 2018; 11(7): 909-914. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.909-914
  19. Molony VJE, Kent I, Robertson S. Assessment of acute and chronic pain after different methods of castration of calves. Applied Animal. Behavioural. Sciences. 1995; 46: 33-48. doi: 10.1016/0168-1591(95)00635-4
  20. Kehlet H. Modification of responses to surgery by neural blockade. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia. 1998; 48: 67-71.
  21. Singh M. Stress response and anaesthesia: altering the peri and post-operative management. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia. 2003; 47: 427-434.
  22. Roughan JV, Flecknell PA. Evaluation of a short duration behaviour-based post-operative pain scoring system in rats. European Journal of Pain. 2003; 7(5): 397-406. doi: 10.1016/S1090-3801(02)00140-4
  23. Mohr E, Langbein J, Nurnberg G. Heart rate variability - a noninvasive approach to measure stress in calves and cows. Physiological Behaviour. 2002; 75: 251-259. doi: 10.1016/S0031-9384(01)00651-5
  24. Harmeyer J, Martens H. Aspects of urea metabolism in ruminants with reference to the goat. Journal of Dairy Science. 1980; 63: 1707-1728. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)83132-8
  25. Mohammad BP, Zghoul A, Raidal AK, Abdesalam R, Talafha Q, Omar A, Bam-Ismail A. Cellular and some biochemical changes in blood and peritoneal fliud constituents in Awassi lambs, following elective castration. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences. 2008; 3: 23-27.
  26. Nazifi S, Saeb M, Ghafari N, Razeghian I, Razavi S, Vosoughi MF, Dehghani F, Orangi H. Reference values of oxidative stress parameters in adult native Iranian goats. Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 2009; 12(2): 119-124.
  27. Nockels CF. Antioxidants improved cattle immunity following stress. Animal Feed Science Technology. 1996; 62: 59-68. doi: 10.1016/S0377-8401(96)01006-1
  28. Lopaczyski W, Zeisel SH. Anti-oxidants, programmed cell death, and cancer. Nutrition Research. 2001; 21: 295-307. doi: 10.1016/S0271-5317(00)00288-8
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery
Volume 19, Issue 2 - Serial Number 41
October 2024
Pages 131-137

  • Receive Date 29 August 2023
  • Revise Date 20 December 2023
  • Accept Date 08 January 2024
  • First Publish Date 08 January 2024