@article { author = {Raayat Jahromi, Alireza and Lischer, Christoph and Ehrle, Anna}, title = {Assessment of Analgesic Efficacy of Intra-articular Tramadol Administration Following Arthroscopic Surgery in Horses - A Pilot Study}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Iranian Veterinary Surgery Association (IVSA)}, issn = {2008-3033}, eissn = {2676-6299}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective-The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of intra-articular administration of tramadol in horses following arthroscopic surgery.Design-Experimental study.Animals-Ten Warmblood horsesProcedures- Horses underwent arthroscopic surgery of the tarsocrural joint (TCJ) (8 horses) and metacarpo- metatarsophalangeal joint (MCPJ/MTPJ) (2 horses). Intra-articular tramadol (2 mg/kg) or saline was administered in randomly selected horses (5 in each group; 4x TCJ and 1x MCPJ/MTPJ) under general anesthesia prior to recovery. After the horses were fully recovered and had returned to the stable two observers, blinded to the treatment scored pain independently at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours based on a composite measure pain scale (CMPS). Results- Significant difference in pain score (P < 0.001) was observed at any individual time-point between the two groups, except at 24 hours post treatment. A significant lower pain score was detected in tramadol treated group (P < 0.001), up to the twelfth hour after treatment. No significant difference was seen between various times in the saline group (P = 0.09).Conclusion and Clinical Relevance-Analgesic efficacy of intra-articular tramadol administration was demonstrated by significantly reduced pain scores following arthroscopic surgery in horses. This observation might be useful as basis for a multimodal analgesic protocol; however, more detailed studies are warranted.}, keywords = {Tramadol,Intra-articular administration,Arthroscopy,horse}, url = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41013.html}, eprint = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41013_465d943732a7f8d9ebd64c9acc13b09a.pdf} } @article { author = {Jeyrani Moghaddam, Amidreza and Kazemi, Davoud}, title = {Evaluating the Feasibility of Esophagotomy Suture Line Reinforcement Using Platelet Rich Fibrin Membrane and is Effect on Wound Healing}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {9-15}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Iranian Veterinary Surgery Association (IVSA)}, issn = {2008-3033}, eissn = {2676-6299}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective- This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using platelet rich fibrin membrane as a novel on-lay patching biomaterial in canine esophagotomy and its effects on esophageal wound healing.Design- Experimental study.Animals- Eight adult mixed breed dogs of both sexes equally allocated to control and treatment groups.Procedures- Longitudinal incisions measuring 3 cm were made in the cervical esophagus of all dogs (2 incisions in each dog). All incisions were sutured and on-lay patching was performed in four dogs using platelet rich fibrin. After 28 days, wound healing was assessed by macroscopic, histological and biochemical methodsResults- Patching resulted in less adhesion formation (18.24 vs. 61.67 mm, p<0.05) and increase in tissue hydroxyproline content (91.31 vs. 74.31 mg, p>0.05). Histologically, platelet rich fibrin membrane mostly influenced wound healing in the outer layers of the esophagus particularly the muscular layer although a slightly better wound healing was observed overall.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Platelet rich fibrin membrane could be used as an alternative patching biomaterial in esophageal surgery although further investigations needs to be carried out particularly in clinical cases.}, keywords = {Platelet rich fibrin membrane,Onlay patching,esophagus,Dog,wound healing}, url = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41015.html}, eprint = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41015_b1c93d55716921cee407f49aca19ee3c.pdf} } @article { author = {Tavakkoli, Hadi and Tajik, Javad and Zeinali, Mahdi}, title = {Evaluating the Effects of Enrofloxacin on Angiogenesis Using the Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {17-22}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Iranian Veterinary Surgery Association (IVSA)}, issn = {2008-3033}, eissn = {2676-6299}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective- Because little information was available in the literature about the angiogenic property of enrofloxacin, this investigation was undertaken to evaluate this aspect using an in vivomodel.Design- Experimental study.Animals- Twenty fertile chicken eggs (Ross 308) with the average egg-weight of 55 ± 0.4 g were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.Procedures- Agar pellets were prepared with enrofloxacin concentrations at a dosage of 10 mg/Kg egg-weight. A window was carved on the eggshell and drug-impregnated pellet applied on day 8 of incubation on the surface of the chick chorioallantoic membrane. The response of vascular plexus to the drug application was evaluated.Results- Our results showed that enrofloxacin decrease angiogenesis as shown by a reduction in the morphometric parameters of vascular plexus including total vessel's length, the number of vascular branch, vascular complexity and capillary density (p<0.05).Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Based on findings, it is suggested that enrofloxacin offer a new class of anti-angiogenic agents that might augment the drugs available for the clinical treatment of angiogenesis related diseases.}, keywords = {Angiogenesis,Chorioallantoic membrane,enrofloxacin}, url = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41017.html}, eprint = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41017_1362837c15051df2ab40a8470f87a7a4.pdf} } @article { author = {Raeisi, Abbas and Taati, Majid and Rostami, Milad and Hajitabar, Elham}, title = {Anesthesia and Sedation in Chough (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax) Following Intranasal Administration of Diazepam, Midazolam, Xylazine with or without Ketamine: Clinical Evaluation}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {23-27}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Iranian Veterinary Surgery Association (IVSA)}, issn = {2008-3033}, eissn = {2676-6299}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective- This study aimed to compare sedation efficacy in intranasal administration of xylazine, diazepam and midazolam with or without ketamine in Chough.Design- To determine the sedation efficacy, an experimental in vivo study was employed.Animals- Seven healthy Choughs were examined in the current study.Procedures- With an interval of one week, seven healthy adult non domesticated Choughs of either genders, weighing 232.54±14.5 grams, were sedated or anesthetized by xylazine (8 mg/kg), diazepam (8mg/kg) and midazolam (8mg/kg)with or without Ketamine(30 mg/kg).Results- Fallowing intranasal administration of the subjects, sedation or anesthesia was produced in all groups.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance-This study revealed that intranasal use of xylazine, diazepam and midazolame alone or combined with ketamine provides reliable sedation in Chough; however all anaesthesia protocols are not perfect to be used in surgical procedures.}, keywords = {anesthesia,Sedation,intranasal administration,chough}, url = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41019.html}, eprint = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41019_8ab6d510f6c67d11b180435dd6ca20ca.pdf} } @article { author = {Hayati, Farzad and Ghamsari, Seyed Mehdi and Tavassoli, Abbas and Azizzadeh, Mohammad}, title = {Carbomer 940 Hydrogel Enhances Capillary Blood Flow and Tissue Viability in a Skin Burn Wound}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {29-36}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Iranian Veterinary Surgery Association (IVSA)}, issn = {2008-3033}, eissn = {2676-6299}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective- To evaluate the application of Carbomer 940 hydrogel on saving zone of stasis in skin burn wound.Design- Experimental studyAnimals- Twenty rats.Procedures- After shaving the backs, a ‘comb burn’ was contacted bilaterally on the dorsum of the rats 0.5 cm lateral and parallel to the midline by using a brass probe consisting of four rows (10×20 mm) and three interspaces (5×20 mm). All rats randomly separated into experimental and control groups. After burn induction, Carbomer 940 hydrogel was administered topically to the experimental group while 0.9% saline was administered through the same route in the control group. Dressings were changed every day. Doppler flowmetry measurements and histopathology were used for evaluation of perfusion and viability in the zone of stasis. Blood flow measurements repeated every 24 hours and skin specimens were taken at day 3 for histopathology evaluation.Results- Our results show that blood flow in zone of stasis increased 24 hours post-burning in experimental group and the differences between the results obtained from the experimental and the control groups were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) at 24, 48 and 72 hours after burn creation. Histopathologically, epithelial tissue in zone of stasis in experimental group statistically more than the control group and sebaceous glands and hair follicles remained viable in group treated by hydrogel.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Our experimental study revealed that Carbomer 940 hydrogel improved tissue perfusion and decreased the area of skin necrosis in the zone of stasis in rats. Application of this hydrogel in treatment of burn injury has positive effects and causes better burn wound healing in rats.}, keywords = {Carbomer 940,Hydrogel,Rat,Zone of stasis,Burn wound healing}, url = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41020.html}, eprint = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41020_36d3ac2afd29b1f8bf67d1f5f1cd9522.pdf} } @article { author = {Esmaeeli, Noushin and Saberi, Mehdi and Akhtardanesh, Baharak}, title = {Evaluating the Efficacy of Topical and Subconjunctival Diclofenac in the Improvement of Corneal Alkali Burn in Rabbits}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {37-43}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Iranian Veterinary Surgery Association (IVSA)}, issn = {2008-3033}, eissn = {2676-6299}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective- To compare the effects of topical eye-drop and subconjunctival administration of diclofenac on improvement of experimental corneal alkali wound in rabbits eyes.Design- Experimental study.Animal- fifteen rabbits.Procedures- Alkali wounds were inflicted on the central corneas of 15 rabbits which were divided into three groups, A, B and C. A round 9 mm diameter paper filter that had been soaked in normal NAOH was positioned on all the rabbits’ right central cornea, to cause corneal wound. Group A and B were treated with Diclofenac eye-drop and subconjunctival injection of Diclofenac, respectively. And group C was indicated as a control group. After 21 days, all the right eyes were sent to laboratory for pathological analysis. Result- Comparison between groups showed that groups A, and B, had significantly lower (P<0.05) discharge days than the control group. Duration of blepharospasm in groups A and B were significantly shorter than the control group (P<0.05). Corneal vascularization revealed significant differences between groups. Pair wise comparison determined that group B had a significantly lower degree of corneal vascularization than the control group. Stromal inflammation was most prominent in group A and control group. Statistical analysis showed significantly less inflammation in group B than the control group (P<0.05) Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Corneal ulcer is one of the most important and common disease of the anterior segment of the eye. Many drugs have been used to prevent and treat corneal ulcer complication. According to our results, topical usage of Diclofenac is easier and more practical than subconjunctival injection.}, keywords = {Diclofenac,Eye drop,Subconjunctival,Cornea}, url = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41022.html}, eprint = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41022_9ac56b59d4edb610dcf841916227fe30.pdf} } @article { author = {Mosbah, Essam and Awadin, Walaa}, title = {Diagnosis and Management of a Malignant Dermal Melanoma in a Donkey (Equus asinus)}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {45-49}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Iranian Veterinary Surgery Association (IVSA)}, issn = {2008-3033}, eissn = {2676-6299}, doi = {}, abstract = {Case Description- A 2-yr-old intact male donkey (Equus asinus) was presented to Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University with subcutaneous masses under the tail.Clinical Findings- Physical examination revealed the presence of 2 separate 5x10 and 5x8-cm-diameter, round and firm subcutaneous masses.Treatment and Outcome- Surgical removal of the masses applied under epidural anesthesia was performed. The masses were firm and pigmented. Multiple biopsies of the masses were collected and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Histopathologic evaluation of the biopsies revealed malignant dermal melanoma involving deep dermis, muscles, adipose tissue, lymph node and blood vessels. Multifocal areas of necrosis and dystrophic calcification were recognized. Hematologic and plasma biochemical parameters were within normal reference ranges. Two months post- surgery, hematologic and plasma biochemical parameters remained within normal limits. The animal did not show any clinical signs of disease or evidence of recurrence until five months follow-up post-surgery. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of successful surgical excision of a malignant dermal melanoma in a donkey.Clinical Relevance- Early diagnosis and excision of malignant dermal melanoma prevents its spread and save life of the animal.}, keywords = {Malignant Melanoma,Donkey,histopathology}, url = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41023.html}, eprint = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41023_2aff583a78afac19b6a3e888197c8336.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezaei, Mahdieh and Azizi, Shahrzad and Akhtardanesh, Baharak and Azari, Omid and Hassibi, Hadi and Taheri Bojd, Talieh}, title = {Hypospadias and Testicular Agenesis in Two German Shepherd Puppies}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {51-55}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Iranian Veterinary Surgery Association (IVSA)}, issn = {2008-3033}, eissn = {2676-6299}, doi = {}, abstract = {Case Description- Hypospadias and testicular agenesis were described in this clinical report in two German shepherd puppies presented with a history of lethargy, anorexia, dysuria, urinary incontinence, severe urine scald dermatitis and pyoderma in the abdominal area.Clinical Findings- Clinical examinations revealed incomplete development of the external genitalia including penile and preputial hypoplasia with lack of preputial sheath at the penis tip. Moreover, both testes were not found on clinical examination and ultrasonography of one case while another dog had unilateral testicular agenesis.Treatment and Outcome- One of the puppies died before any other diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Resection of penile and preputial remnants combined with prescrotal urethrostomy was done on the other puppy.Clinical Relevance- One of the considerable issues in dog breeding is abnormalities of the external genitalia. Hypospadias and testicular agenesis are rare reproductive disorders which have probably congenital origin. The importance of elimination of affected dogs from reproductive programs should be emphasized by veterinary practitioners.}, keywords = {Hypospadias,Unilateral and Bilateral testicular agenesis,Dog}, url = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41025.html}, eprint = {https://www.ivsajournals.com/article_41025_498c15e6f81afbeb373fb1ea2bd84db4.pdf} }